RESUMEN
Introducción: El confinamiento por la enfermedad del coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) interrumpió la vida de todo el mundo en marzo de 2020. El confinamiento obligatorio duró dos meses, lo que tuvo un impacto en la salud mental de las personas. Sin embargo, se desconoce en gran medida cómo afectó a quienes ya luchaban con problemas de salud mental. Métodos: Se recopiló información de 18 pacientes con primer episodio psicótico (PEP) mediante una encuesta en línea. La encuesta tenía preguntas sobre COVID-19, el impacto del confinamiento en la vida diaria y las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas durante el confinamiento entre marzo y abril de 2020 en España. Resultados: Algunas estrategias de afrontamiento se asociaron con diferentes actividades de la vida diaria: normalizar la situación, buscar ayuda de amigos o familiares y buscar ayuda de profesionales en situaciones estresantes, leer fuentes de información y autoayuda para enfrentar el estrés, enfocarse en las emociones que generan estrés, intentar centrarse en problemas concretos y buscar soluciones, y aceptar la situación con resignación. Conclusiones: Como conclusión, los resultados sugieren que no todas las estrategias de afrontamiento impactaron de la misma manera en la vida diaria de los/las pacientes con PEP durante el confinamiento por COVID-19.(AU)
Introduction: Lockdown for 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) disrupted life worldwide from March 2020. Mandatory lockdown lasted two months, which had an impact on peoples mental health. However, how it affected those who already struggled with mental health problems is largely unknown. Methods: We collected information from 18 patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) through an online survey. The survey contained questions regarding COVID-19, impact of confinement on daily life, and coping strategies during lockdown between March and April 2020 in Spain. Results: Some coping strategies were associated with different daily life activities: normalizing the situation, seeking help from friends or family, and seeking help from professionals in stressful situations, reading information sources and self-help to cope with stress, focusing on the emotions that generate stress, trying to focus on specific problems and seek solutions, and accepting the situation with resignation. Discussion: As a conclusion, results suggest that not all coping strategies impacted in the same way in daily life of patients with FEP during COVID-19 lockdown.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Aislamiento Social , Pandemias , Infecciones por Coronavirus , Adaptación Psicológica , Trastornos Psicóticos , Actividades Cotidianas , España , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , PsiquiatríaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: We report the psychometric properties of the Patient-Reported Impact of Symptoms in Schizophrenia Scale (PRISS), which assesses the impact of subjective experiences or qualia in outpatients with this condition. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 162 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia in Spain. The PRISS measures the presence, frequency, concern and interference with daily life of self-reported experiences related to the main symptoms observed in these patients. The psychometric analysis included test-retest reliability, internal consistency and structural and convergent validity. RESULTS: The 28-item PRISS showed good test-retest reliability as 64.3% of the intraclass correlation coefficient values were between 0.40 and 0.79, which were statistically significant (p < 0.01). Analysis of the structural validity revealed a three-factor structure, (1) productive subjective experiences, (2) affective-negative subjective experiences and (3) excitation, which accounted for 56.11% of the variance. Of the Pearson's correlation coefficients analysed between the PRISS and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO-DAS), 72.2% were statistically significant (p < 0.05) and ranged from 0.38-0.42, 0.32-0.42 and 0.40-0.42, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the PRISS appears to be a brief, reliable and valid scale to measure subjective experiences in schizophrenia and provides valuable information complementary to clinical evaluation.
Asunto(s)
Psicometría , Esquizofrenia , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Medición de Resultados Informados por el Paciente , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Background: There are no previous studies aimed at assessing the validity of the screening scales for depression and anxiety in adult patients with bronchiectasis.Aims: To analyze the psychometric properties of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale and to evaluate the concordance for the diagnosis of depression and anxiety between these screening scales and the structured clinical interview in adult patients with bronchiectasis.Method: Cross sectional study. 52 patients with bronchiectasis completed HADS, BDI and Hamilton Anxiety Scale; afterwards, were individually interviewed by a mental health care professional using the structured Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), which evaluates for depression and anxiety according to DSM-IV criteria.Results: Based on MINI, 18 subjects (34.6%) had a diagnosis of depression and 25 (48.1%) had anxiety. Optimal cut-off values to detect depression were ≥9 for the HADS-D (sensitivity 0.833, specificity 0.971, AUC 0.962 [95% CI 0.9181]), and 17 for BDI (sensitivity 0.889, specificity 0.912, AUC 0.978 [95% CI 0.9451]). Optimal cut-off values to detect anxiety were ≥4 for the HADS-A (sensitivity 0.960, specificity 0.593, AUC 0.833 [95% CI 0.7230.943]), and 17 for Hamilton Anxiety Scale (sensitivity 0.800, specificity 0.852, AUC 0.876 [95% CI 0.7810.970]). (AU)
Contexto global: No existen estudios previos dirigidos a la evaluación de las escalas de detección de la depresión y de la ansiedad en pacientes adultos con bronquiectasias.Objetivos: Analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de ansiedad y depresión hospitalaria (HADS, por sus siglas en inglés), el inventario de depresión de Beck (BDI, por sus siglas en inglés) y la escala de ansiedad de Hamilton, y evaluar la concordancia para el diagnóstico de la depresión y la ansiedad entre estas escalas de detección y la entrevista clínica estructurada en pacientes adultos con bronquiectasias.Método: Estudio transversal. Cincuenta y dos pacientes con bronquiectasias completaron la HADS, el BDI y la escala de ansiedad de Hamilton; posteriormente, un psiquiatra profesional de la salud mental les entrevistó individualmente utilizando la entrevista estructurada denominada Minientrevista neuropsiquiátrica internacional (MINI), que evalúa la depresión y la ansiedad siguiendo los criterios del DSM-IV.Resultados: Basándonos en la MINI, 18 sujetos (el 34,6%) fueron diagnosticados de depresión y 25 de ellos (el 48,1%) presentaba ansiedad. Los valores de corte óptimos para detectar depresión fueron ≥9 para la HADS-D (sensibilidad: 0,833; especificidad: 0,971; ABC: 0,962 [IC 95%: 0,918-1]) y 17 para el BDI (sensibilidad: 0,889; especificidad: 0,912; ABC: 0,978 [IC 95%: 0,945-1]). Los valores de corte óptimos para detectar ansiedad fueron ≥4 para la HADS-A (sensibilidad: 0,960; especificidad: 0,593; ABC: 0,833 [IC 95%: 0,723-0,943]) y 17 para la escala de ansiedad de Hamilton (sensibilidad: 0,800; especificidad: 0,852; ABC: 0,876 [IC 95%: 0,781-0,970]). (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Bronquiectasia , Depresión/diagnóstico , Ansiedad/diagnóstico , Estudios TransversalesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: There are no previous studies aimed at assessing the validity of the screening scales for depression and anxiety in adult patients with bronchiectasis. AIMS: To analyze the psychometric properties of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale and to evaluate the concordance for the diagnosis of depression and anxiety between these screening scales and the structured clinical interview in adult patients with bronchiectasis. METHOD: Cross sectional study. 52 patients with bronchiectasis completed HADS, BDI and Hamilton Anxiety Scale; afterwards, were individually interviewed by a mental health care professional using the structured Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), which evaluates for depression and anxiety according to DSM-IV criteria. RESULTS: Based on MINI, 18 subjects (34.6%) had a diagnosis of depression and 25 (48.1%) had anxiety. Optimal cut-off values to detect depression were ≥9 for the HADS-D (sensitivity 0.833, specificity 0.971, AUC 0.962 [95% CI 0.918-1]), and 17 for BDI (sensitivity 0.889, specificity 0.912, AUC 0.978 [95% CI 0.945-1]). Optimal cut-off values to detect anxiety were ≥4 for the HADS-A (sensitivity 0.960, specificity 0.593, AUC 0.833 [95% CI 0.723-0.943]), and 17 for Hamilton Anxiety Scale (sensitivity 0.800, specificity 0.852, AUC 0.876 [95% CI 0.781-0.970]). CONCLUSION: The self-rating screening scales HADS, BDI and Hamilton Anxiety Scale are reliable tools to screen for depression and anxiety in adult patients with bronchiectasis. However, the use of specific cut-off values may improve the diagnostic accuracy of the previous scales in this specific group of patients.
Asunto(s)
Bronquiectasia , Depresión , Adulto , Ansiedad/diagnóstico , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/diagnóstico , Humanos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
INTRODUCCIÓN: El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la tendencia en el porcentaje de hospitalizaciones psiquiátricas en población mayor, así como, estudiar las características de la población mayor ingresada en una unidad de hospitalización psiquiátrica. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se analizaron las tendencias en los porcentajes de altas de población mayor a nivel nacional y de los porcentajes de ingresos de la Unidad de Hospitalización de Salud Mental (UHSM) del Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga durante un periodo de al menos 18años mediante regresión segmentada. Para el estudio de las características de la población mayor ingresada se compararon todos los pacientes (n=5.925) y los episodios de ingreso (n=15.418) consecutivos entre los años 1999 y 2017 en la UHSM. RESULTADOS: A nivel nacional hubo un incremento de las altas hospitalarias por trastorno mental en personas mayores con un significativo cambio de porcentaje anual medio del 2,0%. En la unidad de estudio esta población fue en mayor medida de género femenino, admitida de forma involuntaria y tuvo un tiempo de estancia mayor. Presentaron con más frecuencia trastornos mentales de tipo orgánico y trastorno depresivo y con menor frecuencia esquizofrenia, trastornos por consumo de sustancias y trastornos de personalidad. CONCLUSIONES: Hubo una tendencia creciente en el porcentaje de personas mayores con hospitalizaciones psiquiátricas en el periodo de estudio. Estos resultados alertan sobre el aumento de admisiones de esta población en las unidades de hospitalización de psiquiatría y la necesidad de adaptación de estas unidades a las características particulares de estos pacientes
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to analyse the trend in the percentages of elderly patients admitted to hospital for psychiatric reasons. An additional aim was to analyse the characteristics of the elderly population admitted to a psychiatric hospitalisation unit. Material an METHODS: An analysis was made of the trends in the percentages of discharges in elderly population at the national level and in the Mental Health Hospitalisation Unit (MHHU) of the Regional University Hospital of Malaga for a period of at least 18years using segmented regression. For the study of the characteristics of the elderly population, all patients (N=5,925) and consecutive episodes of admission (N=15,418) were compared between 1999 and 2017 in the MHHU. RESULTS: At the national level, there was an increase in hospital discharges in elderly patients with a significant mean annual percent change of 2.0%. In the study unit, the elderly population were more frequently female, involuntarily admitted, and had a longer hospital stay. They had been diagnosed more frequently with organic and depressive mental disorders, and less frequently with schizophrenia, substance use, and personality disorders. CONCLUSIONS: There was a growing trend in the percentage of elderly psychiatric patients admitted to hospitals during the study period. These results point to the increase in elderly psychiatric admissions and thus the need to adapt psychiatric units to the characteristics of this population
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Trastornos Mentales/epidemiología , Envejecimiento , Fragilidad/epidemiología , Tratamiento Involuntario/estadística & datos numéricos , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Tiempo de Internación/estadística & datos numéricos , Hospitales Psiquiátricos/organización & administración , Unidades Hospitalarias/organización & administración , Alta del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to analyse the trend in the percentages of elderly patients admitted to hospital for psychiatric reasons. An additional aim was to analyse the characteristics of the elderly population admitted to a psychiatric hospitalisation unit. MATERIAL AN METHODS: An analysis was made of the trends in the percentages of discharges in elderly population at the national level and in the Mental Health Hospitalisation Unit (MHHU) of the Regional University Hospital of Malaga for a period of at least 18years using segmented regression. For the study of the characteristics of the elderly population, all patients (N=5,925) and consecutive episodes of admission (N=15,418) were compared between 1999 and 2017 in the MHHU. RESULTS: At the national level, there was an increase in hospital discharges in elderly patients with a significant mean annual percent change of 2.0%. In the study unit, the elderly population were more frequently female, involuntarily admitted, and had a longer hospital stay. They had been diagnosed more frequently with organic and depressive mental disorders, and less frequently with schizophrenia, substance use, and personality disorders. CONCLUSIONS: There was a growing trend in the percentage of elderly psychiatric patients admitted to hospitals during the study period. These results point to the increase in elderly psychiatric admissions and thus the need to adapt psychiatric units to the characteristics of this population.
